Integrated Defect Engineering in Perovskite Solar Cells for Enhanced Stability and Efficiency

Abstract

This study presents a comprehensive analysis of defect engineering strategies in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) aimed at improving device stability and power conversion efficiency. Particular attention is given to three key approaches: chemical passivation using organic and inorganic additives, structural control of crystallization and perovskite film morphology, and interfacial engineering through the incorporation of interfacial barriers and dipole layers. Experimental results and numerical simulations demonstrate that the synergistic implementation of these strategies significantly reduces trap-state density and suppresses non-radiative recombination pathways, thereby enhancing the open-circuit voltage (VOS) and fill factor (FF).